[73] The country's population is mostly young, with an estimated 41.7% under 15, and rural, with an estimated 62% of people living outside the cities. Michael Jordan, in particular, is the most famous basketball player in the country and he is very popular among the general population. He built several government institutions that are still in use today. Non-denominational Protestants form a significant minority of Sierra Leone's Christian population. [124] A 2012 study was done on the correlation between Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI), and burning biomass fuels in the home. A heavily armed military manhunt took place across the country to find Lieutenant Sandy's killer. Koroma suspended the constitution, banned demonstrations, shut down all private radio stations in the country and invited the RUF to join the new junta government, with its leader Foday Sankoh as the Vice-Chairman of the new AFRC-RUF coalition junta government. The presidential election, in which neither candidate reached the required threshold of 55%, went to a second round of voting, in which Julius Maada Bio was elected with 51% of the vote. The coast has areas of low-lying Guinean mangroves swamp. The third-largest ethnic group are the Limba at about 8.4% of the population. The president is the head of state, the head of government and the commander-in-chief of the Sierra Leone Armed Forces. The vast majority of Krios are Christians at about 90%, though with a small but significant Muslim minority at 10% known locally as Oku. The coup plot led to the firing squad execution of seventeen soldiers in the Sierra Leone Army including Colonel Kahota M Dumbuya, Major Yayah Kanu and Sergeant Mohamed Lamin Bangura. The six municipalities include Freetown, which functions as the local government for the Western Area Urban District, and Bo, Bonthe, Kenema, Koidu, and Makeni.[92][94][95]. Sierra Leone achieved independence from Britain on 27 April 1961, led by Milton Margai, the country's first Prime Minister. Rhône-Alpes (French: (); Arpitan: Rôno-Arpes; Occitan: Ròse-Aups; Italian: Rodano-Alpi) was an administrative region of France.Since 1 January 2016, it is part of the new region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. They are descendants of traders from Guinea who migrated to Sierra Leone during the late nineteenth to mid-twentieth centuries. The vast majority of the Mende support the Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP); while the majority of the Temne support the All People's Congress (APC).[175]. e mese di inizio sintomi. They designated chiefs as units of local government, rather than dealing with them individually as had been previous practice. The Sierra Leonean-Lebanese community are primarily traders and they mostly live in middle-class households in the urban areas, primarily in Freetown, Bo, Kenema, Koidu Town and Makeni. Many Sierra Leonean youth follow the local football league. [47] In 1953, Sierra Leone was granted local ministerial powers and Margai was elected Chief Minister of Sierra Leone. Fernandez Arman Each has a directly elected local district council to exercise authority and carry out functions at a local level. The president is the highest and most influential position within the government of Sierra Leone. [179] A victim, who suffers from violence, begins to lose self-confidence due to fear of reporting the aggressor or exposing family problems. [126] It is located near the Seli River and Freetown and was estimated to produce about 50 megawatts of electricity. English is the official language used in schools and government administration; however, the Krio is the most widely spoken language across Sierra Leone, and is spoken by 98% of the country's population. Carla Accardi Under pressure of several coup attempts, real or perceived, Stevens' rule grew more and more authoritarian, and his relationship with some of his ardent supporters deteriorated. Recently there has been an increase of Pentecostal churches, especially in Freetown. Native to Sierra Leone, they have occupied Sherbro Island since it was founded. However, the Sierra Leone military overthrew President Kabbah in a coup on 25 May 1997, and Major General Johnny Paul Koroma became the country's military head of state. [38] They built a flourishing trade in flowers and beads on the West African coast. Emilio Scanavino After the return to civilian rule, by-elections were held (beginning in autumn 1968) and an all-APC cabinet was appointed. The constitution of Sierra Leone provides for freedom of religion and the Sierra Leone Government generally protects it. [210][211] In early August 2014 Guinea closed its borders to Sierra Leone to help contain the spreading of the virus, which originated in Guinea, as more new cases of the disease were being reported in Sierra Leone than in Guinea. Within hours after taking office, Stevens was ousted in a bloodless military coup led by Brigadier General David Lansana, the commander of the Sierra Leone Armed Forces. [192] Between June and July 2019, the FRCSL trained 1,000 community members from Makeni to be first responders and equipped each trainee with a first aid kit. Each one of Sierra Leone's 14 districts is headed by a district police commissioner who is the professional head of their respective district. Cut off from their various homelands and traditions, the Liberated Africans were forced to assimilate to the Western styles of Settlers and Maroons. Islam and Christianity are the two main religions in the country. According to the British Act for the Abolition of the Slave Trade in 1807, the recaptives could be subject to apprenticeships led by British colonists in Sierra Leone and the males enlisted into the Army or Navy. As of May 2014 the country's only international airport had regularly scheduled direct flights to London, Paris, Brussels and most major cities in West Africa. The name Yalunka literally means "inhabitants of the Jallon (mountains)". Piero Dorazio Rural areas are the most common to lack access to education having only male-headed four per cent ahead of females with basic education and 1.2 per cent more at post-graduate level. In the west, Sierra Leone has some 400 km (249 mi) of Atlantic coastline, giving it both bountiful marine resources and attractive tourist potential. They did not maintain relationships even with longtime allies, such as Bai Bureh, chief of Kasseh, a community on the Small Scarcies River. The settlement of Sierra Leone in the 1800s was unique in that the population was composed of displaced Africans who were brought to the colony after the British abolition of the slave trade in 1807. Momoh broke away from former president Siaka Stevens, by integrating the powerful SSD into the Sierra Leone Police as a special paramilitary force of the Sierra Leone Police. In June 2005, the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) and BirdLife International agreed to support a conservation-sustainable development project in the Gola Forest in south eastern Sierra Leone,[81] an important surviving fragment of rainforest in Sierra Leone. Sierra Leone is regarded as one of the most religiously tolerant countries in the world. [108] Brigadier General Alfred Nelson-Williams who was appointed by president Koroma succeeded the retired Major General Edward Sam M'boma on 12 September 2008 as the Chief of Defence Staff of the Military.[109]. [135], After the contribution made by the Bangladesh UN Peacekeeping Force in the Sierra Leone Civil War under the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone, the government of Ahmad Tejan Kabbah declared Bengali an honorary official language in December 2002. With Strasser's two most senior NPRC allies and commanders Lieutenant Sahr Sandy and Lieutenant Solomon Musa no longer around to defend him, Strasser's leadership within the NPRC Supreme Council of State was not considered much stronger. Several mudslides occurred around 6:30 AM on the fourteenth of August 2017 in and near the country's capital Freetown. The All People's Congress (APC) currently has 70 of the 112 elected parliamentary seats and the Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP) has 42 of the elected 132 parliamentary seats. Also in 2004, a UN-backed war crimes court began holding trials of senior leaders from both sides of the war. On 16 January 1996, after about four years in power, Strasser was arrested in a palace coup at the Defence Headquarters in Freetown by his fellow NPRC soldiers. However, oftentimes the documentation would be overwhelmingly subjective and would result in inaccurate entries, making them difficult to track. [53], On 18 April 1968 a group of low ranking soldiers in the Sierra Leone Army who called themselves the Anti-Corruption Revolutionary Movement (ACRM), led by Brigadier General John Amadu Bangura, overthrew the NRC junta. Pietro Consagra By 2004, the disarmament process was complete. New: Updated with 2019 numbers. Some of these policies by the SLPP and the NRC were said to have left the country in an economically deprived state. Taylor's aim was for the RUF to attack the bases of Nigerian dominated peacekeeping troops in Sierra Leone who were opposed to his rebel movement in Liberia. [76] Mining and slash and burn for land conversion – such as cattle grazing – dramatically diminished forested land in Sierra Leone since the 1980s. The army was devoted to Bangura, and this made him potentially dangerous to Stevens. The Colony was Freetown and its coastal area; the Protectorate was defined as the hinterland areas dominated by local chiefs. Following the Berlin Conference of 1884–1885, the UK decided that it needed to establish more dominion over the inland areas, to satisfy what was described by the European powers as "effective occupation" of territories. It works to prevent crime, protect life and property, detect and prosecute offenders, maintain public order, ensure safety and security, and enhance access to justice. This ended its 16 years of running the Colony. It intended to resettle some of the "Black Poor of London", some of whom were African-Americans freed by the British during the war. [77], There are concerns that heavy logging continues in the Tama-Tonkoli Forest Reserve in the north. It is primarily designed to implement development projects and promote regional economic integration between the three countries.[88]. Sierra Leone operates a floating exchange rate system, and foreign currencies can be exchanged at any of the commercial banks, recognised foreign exchange bureaux and most hotels. [148][149][150] The Islamic holidays of Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha and Maulid-un-Nabi (Birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) are observed as national holidays in Sierra Leone. A runoff election was held in September 2007, and Ernest Bai Koroma, the candidate of the main opposition APC, was elected president. [126] There is also potential for several new hydroelectric plants to be opened on the Sewa River, Pampana River, Seli River, Moa River, and Little Scarcies.

Il commercio cominciò ad essere regolamentato dalla monarchia angioina a partire dalla fine… Continua a leggere perché abbiamo la giusta occasione per te! By September 2014, with the closure of borders, the cancellation of airline flights, the evacuation of foreign workers and a collapse of cross-border trade, the national deficit of Sierra Leone and other affected countries was widening to the point where the IMF was considering expanding its financial support. Sankoh was a British trained former army corporal who had also undergone guerrilla training in Libya. For several months, Bureh's fighters had the advantage over the vastly more powerful British forces, but the British troops and Bureh's warriors suffered hundreds of fatalities. [213], Rice is the staple food of Sierra Leone and is consumed at virtually every meal daily. It became an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council in 2002. La popolazione residente a Lioni al Censimento 2011, rilevata il giorno 9 ottobre 2011, è risultata composta da 6.335 individui, mentre alle Anagrafi comunali ne risultavano registrati 6.428. [203], Mental healthcare in Sierra Leone is almost non-existent. While the district councils are under the oversight of their respective provincial administrations, the municipalities are directly overseen by the Ministry of Local Government & Community Development and thus administratively independent of district and provincial administrations. By managing to repress women, men possess greater power and become the decision-maker. There was great suspicion that president Momoh was not serious about his promise of political reform, as APC rule continued to be increasingly marked by abuses of power. Bai Bureh was allowed to return in 1905, when he resumed his chieftaincy of Kasseh. [127] This overarching goal has been broken down into smaller goals as well. Radio is the most-popular and most-trusted media in Sierra Leone, with 85% of people having access to a radio and 72% of people in the country listening to the radio daily.